Trajectory planning in a dynamic workspace: a 'state-time space' approach

نویسنده

  • Thierry Fraichard
چکیده

This report addresses trajectory planning in dynamic workspace, i.e. motion planning for a robot subject to dynamic constraints and moving in a workspace with moving obstacles. First is introduced the novel concept of state-time space, i.e. the state space of the robot augmented of the time dimension. Like connguration space which is a tool to formulate path planning problems, state-time space is a tool to formulate trajectory planning in dynamic workspace problems. It permits to study the diierent aspects of dynamic trajectory planning, i.e. moving obstacles and dynamic constraints, in a uniied way. Then this new concept is applied to the case of a car-like robot subject to dynamic constraints and moving along a given path on a dynamic planar workspace. A near-time-optimal approach that searches the solution trajectory over a restricted set of canonical trajectories is presented. These canonical trajectories are deened as having discrete and piecewise constant acceleration. Under these assumptions, it is possible to transform the problem of nding the time-optimal canonical trajectory to nding the shortest path in a directed graph embedded in the state-time space. Planiication de trajectoire en espace de travail dynamique: une approche bas ee sur \l'espace des etats-temps" R esum e : Nous abordons dans ce rapport la planiication de trajectoire en espace de travail dynamique, i.e. la planiication de mouvement pour un robot soumis a des contraintes dynamiques et qui se d eplace dans un environnement comportant des obstacles mobiles. Nous commenn cons par introduire le concept \d'espace des etats-temps", i.e. l'espace des etats du robot augment e de la dimension temporelle. De m^ eme que l'espace des conngurations est un outil pour traiter la planiication de chemin, l'espace des etats-temps est un outil pour traiter la planiication de trajectoire en espace de travail dynamique. Il permet d'aborder les dii erents aspects du probl eme, i.e. contraintes dynamiques et obstacles mobiles, dans un cadre unii e. Ce nouveau concept est alors mis en uvre dans le cas d'un robot de type voiture se d eplaa cant le long d'un chemin donn e dans un environnement planaire comportant des obstacles mobiles. Nous proposons une m ethode qui recherche une trajectoire solution sous-optimale parmi un ensemble restreint de trajectoires canoniques d eenies comme ayant des acc el erations discr etes et constantes par morceaux. La d eenition de ces trajectoires canoniques permet de transformer le probl eme de planiication de trajectoire en un …

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • Advanced Robotics

دوره 13  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 1998